So finally, the fuel pump is replaced (temporally).
The dismantling went smoothly. I had taken care not to fill the tank to avoid any unpleasant surprises.
With the tool, the ring came loose without any difficulty.

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No comment on the condition of the filter...
The bottom was covered in brown particles in some places. Like powder or dirt.

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For the bottom of the tank, very slight deposit just below the pump:

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Reassembly was a bit more difficult.
The new seal, even though lubricated with fuel, was very difficult to insert.
But once in place, I was able to reassemble the clamping ring, albeit with some difficulty.
This little battle caused some damage to the fuel hose:

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The metal plate around the opening is not rounded, but rough and slightly sharp.
When the clamping ring was fitted, the fuel hose came into contact with this metal plate, causing this mark.
It's not deep, but I would have preferred to avoid it happening.
Replacing it is not particularly complicated. Without removing the rear suspension, you would simply need to ‘loosen’ the tank fasteners to obtain sufficient clearance.
To be continued.

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Pressurisation: no leaks, no fuel smell
I went straight to the petrol station to fill up.
After a few kilometers, I can already report that the car is more pleasant to drive. More torque, more power.
The installation is only temporary; I still need to swap the fuel gauges. Unfortunately, I didn't have the tool to remove the pins from the three cables to do the swap.
As for the bottom of the tank, do you have any recommendations for removing this deposit, if possible?