Depends what the final drive is on your 4sp as to how different it may feel, but typically it'll be just as Gaz said. I've also done this, the first four gears are exactly the same (but worth it, as the old box was dying), and fifth is +20% higher, which makes more difference to the rpm and noise (...and available power) than you would think.
Personally I think it would have been more driveable but still nicely quiet had I been able either to track down the fabled 1.0 saloon box (same as an 8P, but has a slightly higher ratio final drive), or get a higher ratio 1.0 4speed and magically grow the expertise to swap the differentials over. 4th has always been slightly too long legged for maximum motorway thrashage, and 5th seems kinda stretched. Works far better than I feared it wouldn't, though.
(The final drive thing. Right. The 8P, and it would seem the majority of polo 4-speeds, have a 4.063 differential, which on the 4th gear we're looking at is 17.6mph/1000 - OK in a budget 1-litre as it gives a balance of speed and cruising ability in top, but it's not as good when you add another "economy" gear and 4th should become "top speed gear". Some 1-litres instead had a 4.267 diff, probably in cars sold in hilly areas or somesuch (and in the saloons!), giving 16.8/k, slightly better response and top-speed power, but more thrashy. This of course would also drag 5th down, so it's only like +15% to your current top, but still a nice bonus and blessed with slightly more stamina. EG You can get all the way up & down the M42 in 8P 5th in a 1-litre, but it's borderline in places, full throttle and it's dropping thru the 60s... on the higher diff it might at least hold somewhere near to 70 without you having to drop into 4th*)
The bigger headache is actually sourcing the part, and then doing the swap, if you haven't much help/tools to hand and you've never done it before. With the gracious and very detailed help of all the UKPoloites (and Porkalings) I got through it, but it was a bloody mare.
(esp. as I found my "8P" was a "CEG" - same ratios, different driveshaft flanges, needing to be transferred from the old box

)
Oh, and though you probably won't need to change the linkage, DONT FORGET TO GET THE MOUNTS WITH THE 5SP BOX. They are utterly different! ^^^^^^^^ I know Gaz said but I can't stress it enough, as I was a spacker and forgot, blowing the whole operation for a couple weeks.
* This was with a custom chip on the ECU, though, which alters the engine characteristics... and on an engine that was slightly less run-in after heavy servicing than it is now. I will be able to report further regarding standard chip etc after tomorrow - I'm finally saying goodbye to the old dear, as my uncle takes it on as a "company car" for his currently Manchester-based business... and I have to drive it up there & get a lift back.